GTF2F1 encodes the RAP74 subunit of TFIIF, a general transcription initiation factor that binds RNA polymerase II and recruits it to promoters in collaboration with TFIIB 1. TFIIF functions as a heterodimer with the GTF2F2-encoded RAP30 subunit 2 and promotes both transcription initiation and elongation 3. Beyond basal transcription, GTF2F1 regulates T cell activation by promoting elongation of protein-coding genes through mTORC1-dependent mechanisms 3. In the ovary, GTF2F1 expression in germ cells is vital for primordial follicle formation by regulating JNK signaling pathways; heterozygous variants in GTF2F1 were identified in premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) patients with dosage-dependent effects on protein levels 4. GTF2F1 is also a substrate for nuclear GSK3 phosphorylation, linking mTORC1 signaling to nuclear gene expression and cell proliferation 5. Clinically, GTF2F1 appears associated with cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer and rare duplications linked to inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility, and it has been identified as a potential biomarker in bladder cancer 678. The GTF2F1 gene is located at chromosome 19.3 1.