HNRNPF is a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein that functions as a critical regulator of pre-mRNA processing and alternative splicing. As a component of hnRNP complexes, HNRNPF binds G-rich sequences and G-quadruplex structures in pre-mRNAs, maintaining target RNAs in an unfolded state to facilitate splicing, 5' capping, 3' polyadenylation, and RNA export 1. HNRNPF operates through RNA recognition motifs with distinct amino acid compositions that confer specificity for guanine-enriched sequences 1. Disease relevance spans multiple malignancies and inflammatory conditions. In ulcerative colitis, HNRNPF mutations are positively selected in inflamed intestinal epithelium through downregulation of pro-inflammatory IL-17 signaling 2. HNRNPF involvement extends to pediatric tumors like Ewing sarcoma and hematological malignancies including mantle cell lymphoma and acute promyelocytic leukemia 1. In lung cancer, HNRNPF facilitates exosomal trafficking of metastasis-enhancing lncRNA, promoting histone lactylation and metastatic potential 3. HNRNPF also suppresses expression of ferroptosis-promoting lactotransferrin in prostate cancer 4. Clinically, the hsa-miR-139-5p/HNRNPF regulatory axis correlates with thyroid cancer aggressiveness and modulates oncogenic signaling pathways 5, while nuclear PKM2 competes with HNRNPF at rG4 structures to regulate cancer cell migration 6. These findings establish HNRNPF as a multifunctional RNA regulator with therapeutic significance across cancer types.