LZTS1 (leucine zipper tumor suppressor 1) is a tumor suppressor gene located at chromosome 8 that regulates cell growth and cell cycle progression. Mechanistically, LZTS1 suppresses cancer cell growth by regulating mitosis, interacting with p34(cdc2) at the late S-G2/M stage of the cell cycle 1, and its loss of function contributes to abnormal cell proliferation. The gene is frequently altered across multiple cancer types through chr8 deletion and promoter methylation-mediated downregulation 23. In breast cancer, reduced LZTS1 expression correlates significantly with lymph node metastases 2, while increased LZTS1 expression associates with improved paclitaxel chemotherapy sensitivity 4. Genetic studies in Lzts1-deficient mice demonstrate substantially increased bladder cancer susceptibility following carcinogen exposure 5. Notably, recent evidence reveals context-dependent roles: LZTS1 exhibits oncogenic properties in colorectal cancer through PI3K-AKT pathway activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition promotion 6. Additionally, LZTS1 associations extend beyond cancer; genome-wide association studies identified LZTS1 as a novel locus associated with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias neuropathology 7. These findings suggest LZTS1's role is cancer-type and context-dependent, with implications for therapeutic targeting.