MGST1 (microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1) is a membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the conjugation of reduced glutathione to electrophilic compounds and exhibits glutathione peroxidase activity 1. The protein functions as a homotrimer with broad subcellular distribution including endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial membranes, where it provides protection against reactive electrophiles and oxidative stress 1. MGST1 plays a critical role in ferroptosis regulation by maintaining cellular redox balance through its GSH detoxification function 2. The enzyme protects cells from lipid peroxidation-induced ferroptosis, with its suppression leading to increased cellular vulnerability to oxidative damage 34. In cancer contexts, MGST1 expression correlates with drug resistance mechanisms, particularly in pancreatic cancer where it confers resistance to KRAS inhibitors by preventing ferroptosis 3. High MGST1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in endometrial cancer and reduced immune cell infiltration 5. Notably, MGST1 is absent in neuroblastoma cells, which may explain their extreme sensitivity to oxidative stress 6. The protein represents a potential therapeutic target, as its inhibition can enhance cancer cell sensitivity to ferroptosis-inducing treatments and overcome drug resistance 73.