MOGAT2 (monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2) catalyzes the acylation of monoacylglycerols to form diacylglycerols, the immediate precursor of triacylglycerols, playing a central role in dietary fat absorption and resynthesis in enterocytes 12. The enzyme demonstrates substrate specificity, preferentially accepting monoacylglycerols with unsaturated fatty acids (C18:3 > C18:2 > C18:1 > C18:0) 1, and can utilize alternative substrates including ether-linked glycerols 3. Intestinal MOGAT2 regulates systemic energy balance; intestine-specific deletion delays fat absorption, increases energy expenditure, and protects against diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction 4. MOGAT2 demonstrates context-dependent roles in disease: in colorectal cancer, it functions as a tumor suppressor through ACSM1-mediated lipid metabolic reprogramming, suppressing proliferation and invasion 5, while in lung adenocarcinoma, increased MOGAT2 expression correlates with better prognosis and enhanced anti-tumor immunity 6. Elevated MOGAT2 expression in gastric metaplasia contributes to triglyceride accumulation and precancerous lesion development 7. Additionally, MOGAT2 is identified as a hepatitis B virus proviral factor; its inhibition impairs HBV replication 8. MOGAT2 inhibitors show therapeutic potential for weight management and obesity 9.