NAA30 encodes the catalytic subunit of the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex, which catalyzes acetylation of N-terminal methionine residues in proteins beginning with specific amino acid sequences including Met-Leu, Met-Ile, Met-Phe, Met-Trp, Met-Val, Met-Met, Met-His, and Met-Lys 1. The NatC complex, comprising NAA30 along with auxiliary subunits NAA35 and NAA38, is estimated to acetylate up to 20% of the human proteome co-translationally 2. This modification protects proteins from ubiquitination and degradation by the N-end rule pathway 2. NAA30 is essential for maintaining mitochondrial integrity and function, as its depletion causes loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial fragmentation 1. The protein shows evolutionary conservation from yeast to humans, with human NAA30 able to functionally replace yeast MAK3/NAA30 3. Disease relevance includes association with global developmental delay and tracheal cleft through loss-of-function variants 2, and overexpression in glioblastoma where it promotes tumor progression 4. NAA30 also shows upregulation in ovarian cancer, promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through acetylation of downstream targets like ARPC1B 5.