NOP10 is a core protein component of the H/ACA small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) complex, which has two primary functions: ribosome biogenesis and telomere maintenance 1. As part of the H/ACA snoRNP complex containing Cbf5, Nhp2, and Gar1 proteins, NOP10 catalyzes pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNA by guiding the isomerization of uridine residues, with each rRNA potentially containing up to 100 pseudouridine modifications that stabilize rRNA conformation 1. NOP10 also participates in telomerase holoenzyme assembly and may facilitate correct processing and trafficking of TERC, the RNA component of telomerase 2. Functionally, NOP10 coordinates ribosome assembly, including recruitment of early assembly factors and integration of rRNA subdomains into the 90S pre-ribosome 3. Clinically, NOP10 mutations cause dyskeratosis congenita and related telomereopathies characterized by bone marrow failure and shortened telomeres 24. NOP10 mutations also associate with pulmonary fibrosis and immune-hematological manifestations 5. Additionally, NOP10 expression correlates with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer, where NOP10 and associated snoRNAs drive cancer cell proliferation and migration 6.