NPPC (natriuretic peptide C) encodes a hormone that regulates multiple physiological processes through cGMP signaling. The primary function of NPPC is maintaining oocyte meiotic arrest and developmental capacity 1. NPPC is produced by granulosa and mural cells in the ovary, where it binds the NPR2 receptor on cumulus cells to generate cGMP, which penetrates oocytes via gap junctions and inhibits phosphodiesterase 3A, thereby maintaining elevated cAMP levels that suppress meiosis resumption 2. During the luteinizing hormone surge, reduced NPPC/NPR2 signaling decreases cGMP, allowing cAMP hydrolysis and meiotic resumption 2. Beyond reproduction, NPPC plays a critical role in skeletal development through NPR2-mediated cGMP production 3. Disease relevance is demonstrated by mutations in NPPC causing autosomal dominant short stature in humans 3 and premature ovarian insufficiency, where aberrant post-translational cleavage impairs cGMP synthesis 4. Clinically, CNP analogs are in trials for achondroplasia treatment 3. NPPC mutations result in reduced ovarian size, abnormal chr2, impaired cumulus expansion, and decreased oocyte numbers 1, establishing NPPC as essential for both skeletal and reproductive health.