Neuropeptide W (NPW) is a neuroendocrine regulatory peptide that exists in two bioactive forms: NPW23 and NPW30 1. NPW functions as an endogenous signaling molecule by binding to two G protein-coupled receptors, GPBWR1 (GPR7) and GPBWR2 (GPR8), with NPW23 demonstrating higher activation efficiency 1. GPR7 is widely distributed throughout hypothalamic regions critical for neuroendocrine control, including the paraventricular, supraoptic, ventromedial, dorsomedial, suprachiasmatic, and arcuate nuclei 1. Functionally, intracerebroventricular NPW infusion suppresses food intake and body weight while increasing heat production and body temperature, establishing NPW as a catabolic signaling molecule 1. This metabolic function suggests NPW plays a role in energy homeostasis through hypothalamic regulation. The peptide's neuroendocrine distribution pattern indicates involvement in modulating anterior pituitary function and neuroendocrine signaling organization. Additionally, NPW was identified as a prognostic biomarker in osteosarcoma, where it is expressed in osteoblasts and associates with tumor progression outcomes 2, though its direct mechanistic role in cancer remains unclear. Current evidence supports NPW's primary function in metabolic regulation and neuroendocrine control rather than in cancer pathology.