NR2F1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 1) is a steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily transcription factor that functions as a sequence-specific DNA-binding regulator of gene expression 1. As a transcriptional repressor, NR2F1 binds to direct repeats and palindromes of specific DNA motifs and negatively regulates RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription 1. Mechanistically, NR2F1 plays critical roles in neurodevelopment, governing neural progenitor proliferation and differentiation, neocortical neuron migration, cortical area specification, and visual system assembly 1. In cancer biology, NR2F1 activation induces dormancy programs that suppress metastasis by inhibiting cell cycle progression and mTOR signaling while maintaining neural crest lineage programs 2. Conversely, NR2F1 upregulation can drive phenotypic transitions from dormancy to proliferation in drug-resistant prostate and breast cancers 34. The associated lncRNA NR2F1-AS1 regulates NR2F1 expression and acts as an oncogene in multiple malignancies including breast, lung, gastric, and pancreatic cancers, though it suppresses cervical cancer progression 56. Clinically, NR2F1 haploinsufficiency causes Bosch-Boonstra-Schaaf Optic Atrophy Syndrome, characterized by intellectual disability, visual impairment, epilepsy, and autistic traits 1. NR2F1 represents a promising therapeutic target for both preventing cancer metastasis through agonist-induced dormancy and managing drug-resistant cancers.