NUP58 is a nucleoporin component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that forms the central transport channel alongside Nup62 and Nup54 1. Its primary function is facilitating nucleocytoplasmic transport of macromolecules across the nuclear envelope 2. The NPC containing NUP58 exhibits evolutionarily conserved stoichiometric plasticity 1 and plays specialized roles beyond general transport, including transposon silencing via the piRNA pathway in Drosophila ovaries 3. During mitosis, Nup62-Nup58-Nup54 complexes are dynamically remodeled through TIP60-mediated acetylation of Nup62, promoting proper chromosome 13 and spindle orientation 4. NUP58 can form amyloid-like aggregates both in vitro and in vivo 5, though the biological significance remains debatable 5. Clinically, NUP58 is highly expressed in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion via GSK-3β/Snail signaling 2. Additionally, NUP58 expression is elevated in proximal tubules of hypertensive nephropathy patients and represents a potential therapeutic target for renal injury 6. As an essential gene, NUP58 haploinsufficiency triggers adaptive transcriptome rewiring and gene amplification, informing drug resistance mechanisms 7.