ODAPH (odontogenesis-associated phosphoprotein) is a specialized protein critical for enamel formation, functioning primarily during the maturation stage of amelogenesis. ODAPH is specifically expressed by ameloblasts from the post-secretory transition phase through mid-maturation 1 and localizes to the atypical basal lamina at the interface between maturation ameloblasts and developing enamel 2. Mechanistically, ODAPH promotes ameloblast adhesion and enamel mineralization through the LAMC2/ITGB6/TGF-Ξ²1/alkaline phosphatase signaling pathway 3. ODAPH directly interacts with laminin-Ξ³2 (LAMC2), facilitating integrin-Ξ²6-dependent TGF-Ξ²1 signaling that activates alkaline phosphatase, essential for mineralization 3. The protein maintains integrity of the atypical basal lamina by preserving expression of maturation-stage genes including AMTN, KLK4, and SLC24A4 2. Loss-of-function ODAPH mutations cause autosomal recessive amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), specifically hypocalcified type IIIB and hypomaturation phenotypes 4. ODAPH-deficient mice exhibit failed ameloblast transition to maturation stage, with ameloblasts losing polarity and forming cyst-like structures, resulting in severely reduced enamel mineralization and retention of enamel matrix 21. ODAPH transcript variant 2 (TV2) is the critical isoform for normal enamel and dentin-pulp development 4.