OR51G2 is an olfactory receptor that localizes to the plasma membrane. Based on limited published evidence, OR51G2 functions as an odorant receptor with ligand-binding capability. A machine learning analysis of gastric cancer identified OR51G2 as a potential independent risk gene in fatty acid metabolism-related subtypes 1; however, immunohistochemical validation showed no significant expression differences between gastric cancer and adjacent tissues 1, suggesting its role in gastric cancer pathology remains unclear.