PNO1 (partner of NOB1 homolog) is an RNA-binding protein that plays a critical role in ribosome biogenesis as part of the small subunit processome, the first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit 1. The protein localizes primarily to the nucleolus and is involved in the maturation of 20S pre-rRNA into functional 18S rRNA through collaboration with NOB1 2. PNO1 facilitates pseudouridylation modifications that are integral to ribosome assembly and function 2. Beyond its fundamental role in ribosome biogenesis, PNO1 has emerged as a significant oncogene with overexpression documented across multiple cancer types including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, osteosarcoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma 3456. In cancer contexts, PNO1 promotes tumor progression through multiple signaling pathways including NF-κB, AKT/Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β/YAP/TAZ, and MAPK pathways 3456. PNO1 overexpression enhances cancer cell proliferation, invasion, stemness properties, and is associated with poor patient prognosis across various cancer types 37. These findings position PNO1 as both a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in oncology 7.