PPTC7 is a metal-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase belonging to the PPM family 1 that functions as a critical regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and biogenesis. Its primary function involves positive regulation of coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) biosynthesis through dephosphorylation of COQ7, which facilitates cellular adaptation to respiratory conditions and energy metabolism 2. Beyond its catalytic role, PPTC7 employs a phosphatase-independent mechanism to suppress mitophagy: a fraction localizes to the mitochondrial outer membrane where it serves as an adaptor protein linking the BNIP3/NIX mitophagy receptors to the SCFFBXL4 ubiquitin ligase complex, promoting their proteasomal degradation 34. This dual-localization strategy—balancing matrix and outer membrane populations—enables PPTC7 to coordinate CoQ biosynthesis while restraining excessive mitophagy 5. Additionally, PPTC7 has non-mitochondrial roles: it dephosphorylates VPS4A to facilitate EGFR recycling and promote AKT signaling 6. In disease contexts, PPTC7 upregulation in brain microvascular endothelial cells associates with impaired mitochondrial function and diabetic cognitive dysfunction through PHB2 interactions 7, while PPTC7 deficiency causes excessive BNIP3/NIX-dependent mitophagy 8.