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GeneE
10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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PSG2
pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2
Chromosome 19 · 19q13.31
NCBI Gene: 5670Ensembl: ENSG00000242221.9HGNC: HGNC:9519UniProt: P11465
16PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
homophilic cell-cell adhesionheterophilic cell-cell adhesionplasma membranefemale pregnancyAlzheimer diseaselate-onset Alzheimers diseasecarcinoma of gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tractneoplasm
✦AI Summary

PSG2 (pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2) is a pregnancy-associated glycoprotein primarily expressed in placental trophoblastic tissue. PSG2 functions in cell-cell adhesion through both heterophilic and homophilic interactions and is enriched 5-fold in blastocysts during early mammalian development 1. As a predominantly placenta-expressed mRNA, PSG2 circulates in maternal plasma where its concentration serves as a biomarker for placental pathology. Aberrant PSG2 elevation in maternal plasma, particularly when combined with elevated hPL and decreased ADAM12, precedes clinical manifestation of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies, with diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.8717) superior to single markers 2. PSG2 plays a role in normal placental development, including trophoblast cell migration essential for spiral artery remodeling 3. Dysregulation of PSG2 methylation occurs in spontaneous abortions with trisomy 16, suggesting its involvement in aneuploidy-related placental dysfunction 3. Additionally, PSG2 expression is transcriptionally regulated by Krüppel-like factor 10 (KLF10) in cervical cancer, indicating broader roles in immune system modulation beyond pregnancy physiology 4. These findings establish PSG2 as a critical regulator of placental development and function with clinical utility as a pregnancy complication biomarker.

Sources cited
1
PSG2 is a trophectodermal marker enriched 5-fold in blastocysts compared to oocytes
PMID: 17595343
2
PSG2 mRNA levels in maternal plasma are elevated in pregnancies that develop TTTS, with diagnostic utility for prediction
PMID: 24375464
3
PSG2 methylation is aberrantly increased in placental tissue of trisomy 16 spontaneous abortions, suggesting role in placental development
PMID: 38680176
4
PSG2 expression is transcriptionally regulated by KLF10 and involved in immune response modulation
PMID: 29930344
⚠Limited data available — This gene has 4 indexed publications. Summary and analysis may be incomplete.
Disease Associationsⓘ20
Alzheimer diseaseOpen Targets
0.24Weak
late-onset Alzheimers diseaseOpen Targets
0.23Weak
carcinoma of gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tractOpen Targets
0.23Weak
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.12Weak
colorectal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.12Weak
gastric cancerOpen Targets
0.12Weak
breast cancerOpen Targets
0.12Weak
non-small cell lung carcinomaOpen Targets
0.11Weak
lung cancerOpen Targets
0.11Weak
medullary thyroid gland carcinomaOpen Targets
0.11Weak
cystOpen Targets
0.10Weak
lung adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.10Weak
cancerOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
cholangiocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
hepatocellular carcinomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
colon carcinomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
colorectal cancerOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
rectum cancerOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
esophageal squamous cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
gastric carcinomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
PSG6Protein interaction78%PSG4Protein interaction78%PSG3Protein interaction78%PSG5Protein interaction77%PSG7Protein interaction76%PSG11Shared pathway75%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Brain
100%
Bone Marrow
0%
Heart
0%
Ovary
0%
Liver
0%
Lung
0%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
PSG2PSG6PSG4PSG3PSG5PSG7PSG11
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
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AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt P11465
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
1.71LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF1.35 [1.07–1.71]
RankingsWhere PSG2 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #15,358of 20,598
    Most Researched16
  • #16,133of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.71
Genes detectedPSG2
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
The Efficacy of Lingual Laser Frenectomy in Pediatric OSAS: A Randomized Double-Blinded and Controlled Clinical Study.
PMID: 34204017
Int J Environ Res Public Health · 2021
1.00
2
Detection and purification of tyrosine-sulfated proteins using a novel anti-sulfotyrosine monoclonal antibody.
PMID: 17046811
J Biol Chem · 2006
0.90
3
Retrospective study of serial polysomnograms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients with oxygen dependence.
PMID: 38411384
Pediatr Pulmonol · 2024
0.80
4
Predominantly placenta-expressed mRNAs in maternal plasma as predictive markers for twin-twin transfusion syndrome.
PMID: 24375464
Prenat Diagn · 2014
0.70
5
Conserved molecular portraits of bovine and human blastocysts as a consequence of the transition from maternal to embryonic control of gene expression.
PMID: 17595343
Physiol Genomics · 2007
0.60