RBM7 (RNA binding motif protein 7) is an RNA-binding subunit of the trimeric nuclear exosome targeting (NEXT) complex that directs specific non-coding RNAs for degradation by the RNA exosome 1. The protein functions as a critical component in RNA surveillance, binding preferentially to polyuridine sequences and associating with newly synthesized RNAs including promoter upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), and 3'-extended snRNA products 2. Structurally, RBM7 contains an RRM domain and works within NEXT alongside MTR4 helicase and ZCCHC8, with all three subunits collaborating in RNA binding and substrate recognition 2. Interestingly, RBM7 can be replaced by DGCR8/DROSHA in a variant NEXT complex that specifically targets stem-loop-containing RNAs from enhancers and other genomic regions 3. Beyond RNA surveillance, RBM7 plays important roles in cancer biology, where its deficiency promotes breast cancer metastasis through coordinated MFGE8 splicing switches and NF-κB pathway activation 4. In glioblastoma, RBM7 enhances temozolomide resistance by suppressing mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis through destabilization of FBXL16 mRNA 5. Additionally, RBM7 contributes to lung fibrosis pathogenesis by promoting epithelial cell apoptosis through NEAT1 decay 6.