RNFT2 (ring finger protein, transmembrane 2) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that functions as a negative regulator of interleukin-3 (IL-3) signaling through IL-3 receptor α (IL-3Rα) ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation 1. This mechanism confers anti-inflammatory properties, as RNFT2 overexpression reduces lung inflammation in LPS-induced injury models, while RNFT2 knockdown exacerbates inflammatory responses 1. Despite this regulatory role in immunity, RNFT2 paradoxically functions as an oncogene in multiple cancers. RNFT2 is significantly upregulated in gastric cancer 23, where knockdown inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the mTORC1 signaling pathway 3. In gastric cancer, high RNFT2 expression predicts peritoneal recurrence and poor overall survival 2. Similarly, RNFT2 promotes triple-negative breast cancer malignancy and angiogenesis, with elevated expression correlating with poor survival and advanced clinicopathological features 4. RNFT2 is also included in prognostic models for hepatocellular carcinoma 5. Additionally, RNFT2 has been identified as a pharmacogenetic locus associated with differential responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroids in African descent asthma populations 6. These findings establish RNFT2 as a potential therapeutic target in cancer while highlighting its immunoregulatory functions.