RPL29 (ribosomal protein L29) functions primarily as a structural component of the large ribosomal subunit, participating in protein synthesis 1. The protein exhibits dual localization and functionality, being present both intracellularly as part of the ribosomal machinery and on the cell surface as a heparin/heparan sulfate-interacting protein 2. RPL29 plays important roles in cellular processes beyond translation, including modulation of angiogenesis by interfering with heparan sulfate-dependent responses and antagonizing VEGF and FGF2-stimulated endothelial tube formation 3. The protein shows dynamic expression patterns during mammary gland development, with increased levels during pregnancy and lactation, and exhibits differential intracellular distribution depending on cell growth and differentiation states 4. Clinically, RPL29 has oncological significance, being upregulated in various cancers including gingival squamous cell carcinoma, where its knockdown inhibits cell proliferation and invasion 5. In chr3 myeloid leukemia, RPL29 promotes leukemia stem cell self-renewal and is regulated by PRMT1-mediated histone methylation, making it a potential therapeutic target 1. The gene is located on human chromosome 3-qter 6.