S100G, also known as Calbindin-D9k, is a calcium-binding protein that functions as both a cytosolic calcium buffer and an anti-inflammatory mediator 12. The protein modulates intracellular calcium signaling by affecting the temporal and spatial aspects of calcium transients, working alongside calcium channels, transporters, and pumps to maintain calcium homeostasis 1. S100G is expressed in fibroblasts where it suppresses monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) production through inhibition of NF-κB activation, demonstrating anti-inflammatory properties 2. The gene is located on the X-chromosome X contains vitamin D response elements, with expression being vitamin D-dependent in intestinal tissues 34. In reproductive tissues, S100G expression peaks during pregnancy and decreases significantly after labor onset, suggesting a role in uterine smooth muscle function 5. Recent research indicates S100G participates in the mTOR signaling pathway, where it promotes mTOR phosphorylation to inhibit excessive autophagy, particularly in intestinal barrier protection 6. Clinically, S100G serves as a potential biomarker for intestinal injury, with elevated levels detected in neonates with surgical necrotizing enterocolitis 7.