SLC15A5 encodes a proton-coupled oligopeptide cotransporter belonging to the solute carrier family 15 (SLC15), which mediates transmembrane transport of di- and tripeptides and peptide-like molecules 1. Unlike well-characterized family members SLC15A1 (PEPT1) and SLC15A2 (PEPT2), which facilitate intestinal absorption and renal reabsorption of dietary di/tripeptides respectively, SLC15A5's specific physiological function remains unclear 1. Notably, SLC15A5 shows atypical tissue expression patterns compared to other SLC15 family members, with limited expression in the central nervous system 2. Genome-wide association studies have identified SLC15A5 variants associated with psychological resilience to stress in military personnel, particularly under high deployment stress 34, and with kidney function parameters in African ancestry populations 5. Additionally, SLC15A5 polymorphisms demonstrate association with C-peptide levels, a marker of pancreatic β-cell function, in Indian populations 6. These genetic associations suggest SLC15A5 may play roles in stress response resilience and metabolic regulation, though the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypic associations require further investigation.