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10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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SLC5A12
solute carrier family 5 member 12
Chromosome 11 · 11p14.2
NCBI Gene: 159963Ensembl: ENSG00000148942.16HGNC: HGNC:28750UniProt: Q1EHB4
12PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Transporter
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
protein bindingextracellular exosomeplasma membraneapical plasma membranehair colorfrozen shouldercervical carcinomaAbnormality of the skeletal system
✦AI Summary

SLC5A12 encodes SMCT2 (sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 2), a low-affinity, electroneutral sodium-dependent transporter that mediates cellular uptake of monocarboxylates 1. The transporter catalyzes Na+-coupled transport of various substrates including lactate, pyruvate, nicotinate, propionate, butyrate, and β-D-hydroxybutyrate with 1:1 stoichiometry 21. SLC5A12 is predominantly expressed in the apical membrane of renal proximal tubule cells throughout the S1/S2/S3 segments and in the proximal intestine, where it likely mediates reabsorption of diet-derived monocarboxylates rather than bacterial fermentation products 12. In disease contexts, SLC5A12 plays a pathological role by facilitating lactate uptake in CD4+ T cells at inflammatory sites, promoting IL-17 production and T cell retention that perpetuates chr11 inflammation in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis 34. The transporter also contributes to ectopic lymphoid structure formation in autoimmune diseases 5 and promotes gastric cancer progression 6. Therapeutically, SLC5A12 blockade shows promise for treating chr11 inflammatory disorders by promoting immune cell egress from inflamed tissues 45.

Sources cited
1
SLC5A12 is a low-affinity, electroneutral sodium-dependent transporter for monocarboxylates
PMID: 17692818
2
The transporter mediates Na+-coupled transport with 1:1 stoichiometry and has lower substrate affinities than SMCT1
PMID: 16104846
3
SLC5A12-mediated lactate uptake in CD4+ T cells promotes IL-17 production and chronic inflammation
PMID: 31708446
4
The transporter contributes to T cell retention at inflammatory sites and its blockade reduces inflammation
PMID: 26181372
5
SLC5A12 blockade promotes resolution of ectopic lymphoid structures in autoimmune diseases
PMID: 40759752
6
SLC5A12 promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration
PMID: 39672477
Disease Associationsⓘ20
hair colorOpen Targets
0.44Moderate
frozen shoulderOpen Targets
0.27Weak
cervical carcinomaOpen Targets
0.26Weak
Abnormality of the skeletal systemOpen Targets
0.24Weak
HypervolemiaOpen Targets
0.18Weak
pyogenic granulomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
ovarian neoplasmOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
rheumatoid arthritisOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
Crohn's diseaseOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
non-small cell lung carcinomaOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
Febrile seizure (within the age range of 3 months to 6 years)Open Targets
0.03Suggestive
Abruptio PlacentaeOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
poisoningOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
esophageal adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
pernicious anemiaOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
hypothyroidismOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
response to antibioticOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
MMR-related febrile seizuresOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
clear cell renal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
cellulitisOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
CEBPDProtein interaction97%SLC22A11Protein interaction74%SLC2A9Protein interaction74%SLC22A12Protein interaction74%ASIC4Shared pathway40%SLC16A8Shared pathway40%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Liver
100%
Heart
95%
Brain
89%
Ovary
12%
Lung
6%
Bone Marrow
6%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
SLC5A12CEBPDSLC22A11SLC2A9SLC22A12ASIC4SLC16A8
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
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AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt Q1EHB4
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.77LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.58 [0.43–0.77]
RankingsWhere SLC5A12 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #16,573of 20,598
    Most Researched12
  • #6,299of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.77
Genes detectedSLC5A12
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Toxicology.
PMID: 33417072
AAPS J · 2021
1.00
2
Lactate Buildup at the Site of Chronic Inflammation Promotes Disease by Inducing CD4
PMID: 31708446
Cell Metab · 2019
0.90
3
Lactate Regulates Metabolic and Pro-inflammatory Circuits in Control of T Cell Migration and Effector Functions.
PMID: 26181372
PLoS Biol · 2015
0.80
4
Short-Chain Fatty Acid Transporters: Role in Colonic Homeostasis.
PMID: 29357130
Compr Physiol · 2017
0.70
5
Cloning and functional characterization of human SMCT2 (SLC5A12) and expression pattern of the transporter in kidney.
PMID: 17692818
Biochim Biophys Acta · 2007
0.60