SLC5A4 (SGLT3) is a member of the sodium/glucose cotransporter family that functions as a glucose sensor rather than a traditional transporter 1. Unlike other SGLTs, SLC5A4 does not mediate glucose transport but generates glucose-induced membrane depolarization that is Na+-dependent at neutral pH and likely H+-dependent at acidic pH 1. The protein exhibits 70% amino acid identity to SGLT1 and demonstrates a 2 Na+:1 sugar stoichiometry similar to SGLT1 2. SLC5A4 is expressed in cholinergic neurons of the intestinal submucosal and myenteric plexuses, and colocalizes with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in skeletal muscle 1. This glucose-sensing function appears particularly important in portal vein neurons, where SGLT3-expressing neurons detect glucose and signal to brain regions controlling food intake 3. The gene has been identified in the SGLT clade of sodium/glucose cotransporters and shows expression in various tissues including reproductive organs 4. Clinically, SLC5A4 mutations have been identified in small-cell lung cancer patients, suggesting potential disease relevance 5, and the gene may play a role in hypoglycemia-related complications in diabetes 6.