SLIT1 encodes a secreted glycoprotein that functions as a molecular guidance cue in cellular migration and axonal navigation during neural development 1. The protein contains leucine-rich repeats, EGF repeats, and a laminin G-like domain, and can be proteolytically cleaved to generate functional fragments with different activities 1. SLIT1 mediates its effects through binding to Roundabout (ROBO) receptors, particularly ROBO2, activating downstream signaling cascades including RhoA pathway modulation 2. Under hypoxic conditions, neuronal SLIT1 expression provides a compensatory mechanism to rescue oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination through the Slit1-Robo2-srGAP1-RhoA signaling axis 2. In cancer contexts, SLIT1 exhibits tumor suppressor properties, with frequent promoter hypermethylation leading to transcriptional silencing in various cancers including gliomas 3. However, SLIT1 can also promote cancer progression in specific contexts, as lactate-induced histone modifications activate SLIT1 transcription to drive perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer 4. The gene shows tissue-specific expression patterns and methylation status that correlate with clinical outcomes, making it both a potential therapeutic target and prognostic marker 56.