STARD10 encodes a steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)-related lipid transfer domain protein that functions as a phospholipid transfer protein 1. The protein selectively binds and transfers phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) between membranes, preferentially recognizing lipid species with palmitoyl or stearoyl chains at the sn-1 position and unsaturated fatty acyl chains (18:1 or 18:2) at the sn-2 position 1. In pancreatic β cells, STARD10 regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by modulating cellular lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function 2. STARD10 deletion in β-like cells impairs differentiation and proliferation while increasing triglyceride accumulation and reducing fatty acid β-oxidation 3. Genetically, type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk variants near STARD10 reduce gene expression, impairing insulin secretion; conversely, STARD10 overexpression improves glucose tolerance 2. In breast cancer, STARD10 is overexpressed in approximately 35-40% of ERBB2-positive tumors where it cooperates with ErbB receptor signaling to promote cellular transformation 4. Ethanol exposure increases STARD10 and ERBB2 expression synergistically, enhancing breast cancer aggressiveness 5. Paradoxically, low STARD10 expression independently predicts poor breast cancer prognosis beyond HER2 status 6.