TBX10 is a T-box transcription factor that functions as a probable transcriptional regulator involved in developmental processes 1. It exhibits DNA-binding transcription factor activity specific to RNA polymerase II and plays critical roles in cell fate specification and anatomical structure morphogenesis through regulation of transcription. Developmentally, TBX10 mRNA expression is highly restricted with a unique spatio-temporal pattern during hindbrain development in mouse embryos 1. At the molecular level, TBX10 functions as a transcriptional regulator controlling morphogenetic processes essential for proper tissue formation. Clinically, TBX10 is strongly implicated in cleft lip and palate (CL/P) pathogenesis. Ectopic expression of Tbx10 in transgenic mice recapitulates cleft lip and palate phenotypes, demonstrating that gain-of-function mutations cause this common birth defect 2. Additionally, TBX10 has been identified as a candidate gene in chromosome 11, a region associated with multiple inherited developmental disorders 1. Population-based studies in Japanese cohorts examined TBX10 as a candidate gene for nonsyndromic CL/P 3. Furthermore, teratogenic exposures alter TBX10 expression patterns in developing mice, linking transcriptional changes to developmental abnormalities 4. Notably, TBX10 is also expressed in hematopoietic development and was identified as part of a lymphoid TBX-code signature 5, suggesting broader roles in tissue differentiation beyond orofacial development.