TMEM132A is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays crucial roles in embryonic development and cancer biology through regulation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The protein localizes to the cell surface with a large extracellular N-terminal domain and small cytosolic C-terminal domain 1. TMEM132A functions mechanistically by interacting with and stabilizing the Wnt co-receptor LRP6, preventing its lysosomal degradation and thereby promoting Wnt/β-catenin signaling 2. During mouse embryonic development, TMEM132A deficiency causes severe malformations including open spina bifida, caudal truncation, syndactyly, and renal defects, phenotypes similar to Wnt/β-catenin mutants 2. In cancer contexts, TMEM132A exhibits tissue-specific effects: it promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through Wnt pathway activation 3, while serving as a tumor suppressor target in prostate cancer where E2F1 directly regulates its expression 4. Mendelian randomization studies indicate TMEM132A has protective effects against colorectal and ovarian cancers 5 6. The protein's expression is regulated post-transcriptionally by factors including GRP78, intracellular calcium levels, and ER-Golgi transport machinery 1 7. These findings establish TMEM132A as a critical developmental regulator and potential therapeutic target with context-dependent roles in cancer.