TMEM190 is a transmembrane protein with emerging roles in disease pathogenesis. Functionally, TMEM190 exhibits nuclear localization and protein binding capacity 1, with potential involvement in hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation based on Gene Ontology annotations. Mechanistically, TMEM190 expression is regulated by DNA methylation; hypermethylation of TMEM190 leads to its downregulation in disease states 1. The gene shows altered methylation patterns in response to environmental exposures, including cannabis use 2, and differential expression during tissue degeneration processes 3. Disease relevance includes association with Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer, where TMEM190 is downregulated through hypermethylation 1, and intervertebral disc disorder, where TMEM190 is significantly upregulated during degeneration 3. TMEM190 also shows potential relevance to primary open angle glaucoma as a plasma protein drug target, though associated with adverse effects including nerve root and plexus disorders 4. Additionally, TMEM190 participates in chondrocyte dedifferentiation during monolayer expansion culture 5 and serves as a putative biomarker in respiratory syncytial virus infection 6. Clinical significance remains preliminary, requiring further functional characterization for therapeutic development.