HomeAboutRankingsData Sources
© 2026 GeneE
🧬
GeneE
7 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 15 days ago
ⓘGeneE is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
TMEM44
transmembrane protein 44
Chromosome 3 · 3q29
NCBI Gene: 93109Ensembl: ENSG00000145014.19HGNC: HGNC:25120UniProt: Q2T9K0
12PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
basic amino acid transmembrane transporter activitylysosomal membranebasic amino acid transmembrane transportmembranemale reproductive organ cancerovarian dysfunctionaortic stenosishair color
✦AI Summary

TMEM44 (transmembrane protein 44) is a multi-transmembrane domain protein with basic amino acid transporter activity and lysosomal membrane localization 1. In normal physiology, TMEM44 is expressed in specific taste cell populations, particularly in TRPM5-negative and PKD2L1-negative cells enriched in the basal portion of taste buds, potentially representing developmentally immature taste cells 1. At the molecular level, TMEM44 appears to be regulated by transcriptional factors and functions within regulatory networks. VSX1 transcriptionally activates TMEM44 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) 2. Additionally, TMEM44-AS1, a long non-coding RNA encoded nearby, participates in ceRNA networks and participates in disease pathogenesis through interactions with microRNAs 3. Clinical relevance includes association with multiple disease states. TMEM44 expression is significantly upregulated in ccRCC and serves as an independent prognostic factor, with elevated expression promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion 4. TMEM44-AS1 dysregulation is implicated in intervertebral disc degeneration through the lnc-TMEM44-AS1-hsa-miR-206-HDAC4 ceRNA axis 3, gastric cancer chemoresistance through P53 pathway modulation 5, and glioma progression via a Myc-dependent positive feedback loop 6. Differential DNA methylation of TMEM44 has been identified in fibromyalgia syndrome 7, suggesting epigenetic dysregulation in functional somatic syndromes.

Sources cited
1
TMEM44 is a seven transmembrane domain protein expressed in specific taste cell populations, particularly immature taste cells
PMID: 19997627
2
TMEM44-AS1 participates in a ceRNA network (lnc-TMEM44-AS1-hsa-miR-206-HDAC4) associated with intervertebral disc degeneration
PMID: 36746221
3
TMEM44 is upregulated in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; serves as independent prognostic factor
PMID: 37561335
4
VSX1 transcriptionally activates TMEM44 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
PMID: 36463181
5
TMEM44-AS1 promotes 5-FU chemoresistance in gastric cancer by sponging miR-2355-5p and inhibiting P53 pathway
PMID: 35717675
6
TMEM44-AS1 promotes glioma progression through a positive feedback loop with Myc transcription factor
PMID: 34696771
7
TMEM44 shows differential DNA methylation in fibromyalgia syndrome genome-wide studies
PMID: 37531610
Disease Associationsⓘ20
male reproductive organ cancerOpen Targets
0.33Weak
ovarian dysfunctionOpen Targets
0.28Weak
aortic stenosisOpen Targets
0.19Weak
hair colorOpen Targets
0.19Weak
aortic valve calcificationOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
gliomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
gastric cancerOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
esophageal squamous cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
Abnormal blistering of the skinOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
cellulitisOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
abscessOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
cancerOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
complex regional pain syndromeOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
autonomic nervous system diseaseOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
connective tissue diseaseOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
joint diseaseOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
peripheral neuropathyOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
Abnormality of the integumentOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
alcohol drinkingOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
SLC7A4Shared pathway33%SLC7A7Shared pathway20%SLC7A3Shared pathway14%SLC7A9Shared pathway14%SLC3A1Shared pathway14%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Lung
100%
Bone Marrow
97%
Ovary
48%
Heart
42%
Liver
35%
Brain
34%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
TMEM44SLC7A4SLC7A7SLC7A3SLC7A9SLC3A1
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt Q2T9K0
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
1.31LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF1.01 [0.78–1.31]
RankingsWhere TMEM44 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #16,606of 20,598
    Most Researched12
  • #13,793of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.31
Genes detectedTMEM44
Sources retrieved7 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
7▼
1
Nucleus pulposus related lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in intervertebral disc degeneration.
PMID: 36746221
Genomics · 2023
1.00
2
DNA Methylation Signatures of Functional Somatic Syndromes: Systematic Review.
PMID: 37531610
Psychosom Med · 2023
0.86
3
Chitosan-Gelatin-EGCG Nanoparticle-Meditated LncRNA TMEM44-AS1 Silencing to Activate the P53 Signaling Pathway for the Synergistic Reversal of 5-FU Resistance in Gastric Cancer.
PMID: 35717675
Adv Sci (Weinh) · 2022
0.71
4
TMEM44 as a Novel Prognostic Marker for Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma is Associated with Tumor Invasion, Migration and Immune Infiltration.
PMID: 37561335
Biochem Genet · 2024
0.57
5
Expression of genes encoding multi-transmembrane proteins in specific primate taste cell populations.
PMID: 19997627
PLoS One · 2009
0.43