TNFRSF8 (CD30) is a TNF receptor superfamily member that functions as a costimulatory receptor for T cell-mediated adaptive immunity. The receptor binds its cognate ligand TNFSF8 (CD30L) 1 and regulates gene expression through NF-κB activation 2. TNFRSF8 plays important roles in T cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival, with particular relevance to regulatory T cells; CD30+ Treg cells exhibit high proliferation and immunosuppressive phenotypes 3. The receptor is expressed on activated T cell subsets, including activated double negative T cells and effector T cells 4. Clinically, TNFRSF8 dysregulation associates with multiple pathologies. Elevated soluble CD30 (sCD30) levels correlate with neuroinflammation and brain atrophy in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia 5, and altered TNFRSF8 expression serves as a diagnostic biomarker for oral lichen planus 6. Abnormal TNFSF8/TNFRSF8 signaling contributes to dysfunctional T cell immunity in aplastic anemia through CD30+ Treg destruction 3. As a prominent immunotherapy target, TNFRSF8 (CD30) has generated over 100 clinical trials for lymphomas and other cancers using antibody-drug conjugates 7, and CD30 expression inversely correlates with ovarian cancer prognosis 8.