TOR3A (torsin family 3 member A) is an ATP-dependent interferon-responsive protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope 1. As an interferon-stimulated gene, TOR3A functions as a negative regulator of type I interferon signaling during viral infections 2. Mechanistically, TOR3A recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1 to mediate proteasomal degradation of RIG-I, a key antiviral recognition receptor, thereby suppressing interferon production and promoting viral immune evasion 2. TOR3A belongs to the AAA chaperone-like family of ATPases, sharing homology with other torsin proteins involved in nuclear envelope homeostasis 13. Disease relevance includes associations with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, where a functional variant (rs3829794) in lnc-TOR3A-1 influences immune cell proliferation and anti-inflammatory cytokine production 4. Additionally, maternal TOR3A DNA methylation is associated with lack of paternal social support during pregnancy 5. In macrophage biology, TOR3A participates in actin dynamics required for bacterial internalization, with TOR3A knockout conferring resistance to Salmonella uptake 6. TOR3A is also recognized as a minor histocompatibility antigen with differential expression on activated versus resting immune cells 7. These findings suggest TOR3A functions in coordinating immune responses and cellular homeostasis through interferon regulation and protein quality control mechanisms.