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GeneE
10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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TRO
trophinin
Chromosome X · Xp11.21
NCBI Gene: 7216Ensembl: ENSG00000067445.22HGNC: HGNC:12326UniProt: B4DK08
63PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
protein bindingnucleusnegative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIembryo implantationneurodegenerative diseaseprostate cancerhepatocellular carcinomaexperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
✦AI Summary

Based on the provided PubMed abstracts, there is insufficient information to provide a comprehensive functional summary for the TRO (trophinin) gene. The abstracts primarily discuss unrelated topics including PI3K activators, prostate hyperplasia, dystonia, osteoporosis, religious beliefs, TLR3 agonists, cerebellitis, and thyroid-related orbitopathy. None of these studies directly investigate trophinin gene function, protein structure, or its role in embryo implantation and cell adhesion as suggested by the UniProt annotation. The UniProt description indicates trophinin may function in homophilic cell adhesion and embryo implantation through formation of a complex with bystin and tastin, but this cannot be verified or expanded upon with the current literature provided. To generate an accurate gene function summary for TRO/trophinin, relevant studies focusing specifically on this gene's molecular mechanisms, expression patterns, functional domains, and biological roles in development and cell adhesion would be required.

⚠Limited data available — This gene has 0 indexed publications. Summary and analysis may be incomplete.
Disease Associationsⓘ20
neurodegenerative diseaseOpen Targets
0.15Weak
prostate cancerOpen Targets
0.10Suggestive
hepatocellular carcinomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
diabetes mellitusOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
infertilityOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
Atrophy/Degeneration affecting the central nervous systemOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
cancerOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
breast cancerOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
liver cancerOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
osteosarcomaOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
gallbladder cancerOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
ovarian carcinomaOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
cholangiocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
ovarian cancerOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
lung cancerOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
Testicular Germ Cell TumorOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
steatosisOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
colorectal cancerOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
TROAPProtein interaction100%BYSLProtein interaction100%CADM2Shared pathway50%CEACAM18Shared pathway33%CDHR4Shared pathway33%PCDH11YShared pathway33%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Ovary
100%
Liver
35%
Brain
27%
Heart
11%
Lung
7%
Bone Marrow
6%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
TROTROAPBYSLCADM2CEACAM18CDHR4PCDH11Y
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
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AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt Q12816
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.93LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.68 [0.51–0.93]
RankingsWhere TRO stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #7,421of 20,598
    Most Researched63
  • #8,645of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.93
Genes detectedTRO
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
A small-molecule PI3Kα activator for cardioprotection and neuroregeneration.
PMID: 37225977
Nature · 2023
1.00
2
Glutathione Peroxidase 3 induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via AMPK /ERK1/2 pathway and resisted autophagy-related ferroptosis via AMPK/mTOR pathway in hyperplastic prostate.
PMID: 37633909
J Transl Med · 2023
0.90
3
Dopa-responsive dystonia.
PMID: 30497245
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen · 2018
0.80
4
Transient regional osteoporosis.
PMID: 24582491
Maturitas · 2014
0.70
5
[Belief].
PMID: 10327854
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen · 1999
0.60