TROAP (trophinin-associated protein) is a cytoplasmic protein that functions primarily in cell division and proliferation through regulation of microtubular cytoskeleton and spindle assembly 1. The protein is required for spindle assembly and centrosome integrity during mitosis 2. TROAP promotes cell replication during the S&G2 phase of the cell cycle and shows positive correlation with assembly factor for spindle microtubules (ASPM) 3. Mechanistically, TROAP activates several oncogenic pathways including PI3K/AKT signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 4 and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in endometrial cancer 2. The protein also functions through interaction with STAT3 in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma 5 and promotes chemoresistance via lipogenesis and histone acetylation in colorectal cancer 6. TROAP is overexpressed in multiple cancer types including breast 1, colorectal 6, esophageal 4, endometrial 2, and kidney cancers 5, where it promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Interestingly, in acute myeloid leukemia with normal cytogenetics, high TROAP expression correlates with better survival outcomes 7, suggesting context-dependent functions across different cancer types.