ZSWIM7 is a zinc finger SWIM-type containing protein that plays a critical role in homologous recombination repair (HRR) of double-stranded DNA breaks during DNA replication and meiosis 1. As a component of the Shu complex, along with SWSAP1 and SPIDR, ZSWIM7 functions to maintain RAD51 filament stability and enable strand exchange during DNA repair processes 2. The protein is essential for meiotic progression in both males and females, with higher expression observed in developing ovaries during peak meiosis 1. Loss-of-function mutations in ZSWIM7 cause severe reproductive phenotypes in both sexes, including non-obstructive azoospermia in males due to decreased meiotic recombination and spermatocyte maturation arrest 3, and primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in females characterized by amenorrhea and gonadal dysgenesis 14. Multiple pathogenic variants have been identified in consanguineous families, including frameshift mutations (c.231_232del) and missense variants (c.176C>T), demonstrating autosomal recessive inheritance patterns 56. These findings establish ZSWIM7 as a crucial gene for human fertility, with defects leading to infertility through impaired DNA repair mechanisms during meiosis.