AEBP2 (AE binding protein 2) functions as an accessory subunit of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which catalyzes H3K27 trimethylation for transcriptional repression 1. AEBP2 interacts with the RBAP48 subunit and mimics an unmodified histone H3 tail, contributing to PRC2 stability and nucleosome localization 1. Structurally, AEBP2 contains three Cys2-His2 zinc fingers and engages with ubiquitinated histone H2AK119 and the H2A-H2B surface, playing a scaffolding role in PRC2 recruitment by PRC1-mediated marks 2. However, recent findings reveal functional complexity: the widely expressed long isoform (AEBP2L) inhibits PRC2 activity through a negatively charged N-terminal region, whereas the early embryonic short isoform (AEBP2S) promotes PRC2 function 3. Developmentally, AEBP2 regulates neural crest cell migration and differentiation through PRC2-mediated epigenetic mechanisms 4, and Aebp2 knockout causes embryonic lethality with heterozygotes displaying Hirschsprung's disease and Waardenburg syndrome phenotypes 4. In cancer, AEBP2 exhibits an oncogenic role in ovarian cancer, where β-TRCP-mediated degradation controls cisplatin sensitivity 5. AEBP2 has also emerged as a potential ferroptosis-related biomarker in acute kidney injury 6.