AIMP1 (aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex interacting multifunctional protein 1) is a non-catalytic scaffold protein that serves dual roles in protein synthesis and inflammatory signaling. As a core component of the multi-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex (MSC), AIMP1 facilitates tRNA aminoacylation through leucine zipper motifs that mediate complex assembly with RARS1 and AIMP2 1. The protein demonstrates context-dependent functionality, remaining intracellular under normal conditions but being secreted under cellular stress to exert extracellular cytokine activity 2. Upon secretion, AIMP1 promotes pro-inflammatory gene expression in immune cells and serves as a precursor to EMAP II through proteasomal cleavage 3. The protein also regulates tissue homeostasis, with AIMP1-derived peptides promoting dermal papilla cell activation and hair follicle growth 4. Clinically, biallelic pathogenic variants in AIMP1 cause hypomyelinating leukodystrophy type 3, a severe neurodegenerative disorder characterized by microcephaly, epilepsy, and developmental delay 5. Additionally, AIMP1 has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for hypertension through Mendelian randomization studies 6, highlighting its broader physiological significance beyond its canonical roles in protein synthesis and inflammation.