ANGPTL1 (angiopoietin-like protein 1) is a secreted extracellular protein that functions as a multifaceted regulator of cancer progression, angiogenesis, and tissue homeostasis 1. Structurally, ANGPTL1 belongs to the angiopoietin-like protein family and operates through receptor-mediated signaling pathways 1. In colorectal cancer, ANGPTL1 suppresses metastasis and cancer stemness by enhancing FOXO3a expression, which subsequently reduces SOX2 expression and cancer stem cell marker expression 2. ANGPTL1 is consistently downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and inversely correlates with poor clinical outcomes and liver metastasis 2. Beyond oncology, exosomal ANGPTL1 demonstrates potent anti-angiogenic effects in glioblastoma by inhibiting the VEGFA/VEGFR2/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway 3. In dental pulp repair, B cell-derived ANGPTL1 promotes odontoblast differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells through FoxO1 activation 4. Additionally, ANGPTL1 serves as an immunological biomarker in obstructive sleep apnea, showing upregulation in clinical samples 5, and drives migraine-related chr1 hypersensitivity through Angptl1-mediated stromal-immune crosstalk in the dura mater 6. These findings suggest ANGPTL1 represents a promising therapeutic target for cancer, vascular, and inflammatory diseases, though clinical translation remains in development.