Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophic signaling molecule synthesized and secreted by excitatory neurons that plays a critical role in neuronal survival, maturation, and synaptic plasticity 1. BDNF activates signaling cascades primarily through the TrkB receptor and also via heterodimeric receptors formed by NGFR and SORCS2, with the latter pathway involved in synaptic plasticity, long-term depression, and neuronal apoptosis [UniProt]. Astrocytes actively participate in BDNF physiology by sensing extracellular BDNF through TrkB receptors and regulating BDNF uptake and recycling at synapses 2. BDNF is stored as proBDNF in presynaptic terminals and released upon neuronal activation; conversion of proBDNF to mature BDNF is crucial for neuronal function 1. Dysregulation of BDNF has been implicated in multiple neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. In Huntington's disease, the huntingtin protein controls BDNF synthesis and transport, with loss of BDNF contributing to disease manifestations 3. A common Val66Met polymorphism impairs activity-dependent BDNF secretion and is associated with memory deficits and psychiatric vulnerability 4. Reduced serum BDNF levels occur in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment, with genetic polymorphisms and gender-specific effects 5. Imbalances between proBDNF and mature BDNF contribute to depression pathogenesis 6. Physical activity remains the most realistic intervention to maintain BDNF levels and cognitive function during aging 1.