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10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 15 days ago
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BRINP1
BMP/retinoic acid inducible neural specific 1
Chromosome 9 · 9q33.1
NCBI Gene: 1620Ensembl: ENSG00000078725.14HGNC: HGNC:2687UniProt: O60477
45PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Highly Constrained
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
cytoplasmprotein bindingcellular response to retinoic acidcentral nervous system neuron differentiationsmoking initiationmathematical abilityresponse to antihypertensive drugsubstance abuse
✦AI Summary

BRINP1 (BMP/retinoic acid inducible neural specific 1) is a neural-specific protein expressed widely throughout the mammalian brain during development and adulthood 1. Its primary function is to suppress cell cycle progression in postmitotic neurons by inhibiting G1/S transition 2, and it plays a critical role in regulating neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation 3. Mechanistically, BRINP1 expression is regulated by neuron-restrictive silencing elements (NRSE) and DNA methylation patterns that establish neural-specific expression 4. Its expression is activity-dependent, particularly in the hippocampal dentate gyrus 3. BRINP1 deletion causes significant neurobiological abnormalities with psychiatric relevance. BRINP1-knockout mice exhibit increased hippocampal and cortical neurogenesis, altered parvalbumin-expressing interneuron populations, and behavioral phenotypes resembling autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and schizophrenia, including hyperactivity, reduced anxiety, poor social interaction, and memory impairment 35. Notably, BRINP1-deficient mice show decreased parvalbumin and somatostatin-expressing neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex, suggesting dysregulation of cortical excitatory/inhibitory balance 6. Clinically, BRINP1 hypermethylation is associated with maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy 7, and genetic variants at the BRINP1 locus have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders 8, suggesting potential involvement in psychiatric disorder etiology.

Sources cited
1
BRINP1 suppresses cell cycle progression in postmitotic neurons by inhibiting G1/S transition
PMID: 11420708
2
BRINP1 knockout increases hippocampal neurogenesis and causes behavioral abnormalities resembling schizophrenia and ADHD in mice
PMID: 24528488
3
BRINP1 knockout results in autism-like behavior, hyperactivity, altered memory, and increased parvalbumin-expressing interneuron density
PMID: 27042284
4
BRINP1 knockout causes decreased parvalbumin and somatostatin neurons in medial prefrontal cortex, leading to dysregulated excitatory/inhibitory balance
PMID: 29960053
5
BRINP1 expression is regulated by NRSE/RE-1 elements and CpG island methylation establishing neural-specific expression
PMID: 15193422
6
BRINP1 is a novel neural-specific protein induced by BMP and retinoic acid, widely expressed in nervous system from early development
PMID: 15193423
7
Genetic variation at BRINP1 locus has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders including ASD and ADHD
PMID: 27826231
8
BRINP1 hypermethylation occurs in placentas associated with maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy
PMID: 37549439
Disease Associationsⓘ20
smoking initiationOpen Targets
0.44Moderate
mathematical abilityOpen Targets
0.37Weak
response to antihypertensive drugOpen Targets
0.33Weak
smoking behaviorOpen Targets
0.32Weak
substance abuseOpen Targets
0.32Weak
attention deficit hyperactivity disorderOpen Targets
0.32Weak
tooth diseaseOpen Targets
0.31Weak
migraine disorderOpen Targets
0.31Weak
aortic valve stenosisOpen Targets
0.30Weak
Cerebral degenerationOpen Targets
0.29Weak
response to xenobiotic stimulusOpen Targets
0.27Weak
pregnancy disorderOpen Targets
0.27Weak
amyloidosisOpen Targets
0.26Weak
corneal diseaseOpen Targets
0.23Weak
muscular atrophyOpen Targets
0.23Weak
adolescent idiopathic scoliosisOpen Targets
0.20Weak
male reproductive organ cancerOpen Targets
0.20Weak
ciliary body disorderOpen Targets
0.20Weak
iris disorderOpen Targets
0.20Weak
keratitisOpen Targets
0.20Weak
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
SMPDL3AProtein interaction98%PRF1Protein interaction73%BRINP3Shared pathway50%BRINP2Shared pathway40%MATCAP1Shared pathway17%VCX3BShared pathway17%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Brain
100%
Heart
5%
Lung
3%
Liver
2%
Ovary
0%
Bone Marrow
0%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
BRINP1SMPDL3APRF1BRINP3BRINP2MATCAP1VCX3B
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt O60477
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.31Highly Constrained
pLIⓘ
1.00Intolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.20 [0.13–0.31]
RankingsWhere BRINP1 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #9,418of 20,598
    Most Researched45
  • #1,237of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.31 · top 10%
Genes detectedBRINP1
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Absence of BRINP1 in mice causes increase of hippocampal neurogenesis and behavioral alterations relevant to human psychiatric disorders.
PMID: 24528488
Mol Brain · 2014
1.00
2
Brinp1(-/-) mice exhibit autism-like behaviour, altered memory, hyperactivity and increased parvalbumin-positive cortical interneuron density.
PMID: 27042284
Mol Autism · 2016
0.90
3
Decreased parvalbumin and somatostatin neurons in medial prefrontal cortex in BRINP1-KO mice.
PMID: 29960053
Neurosci Lett · 2018
0.80
4
Molecular mechanisms regulating cell type specific expression of BMP/RA Inducible Neural-specific Protein-1 that suppresses cell cycle progression: roles of NRSF/REST and DNA methylation.
PMID: 15193422
Brain Res Mol Brain Res · 2004
0.70
5
Mice Lacking
PMID: 27826231
Front Behav Neurosci · 2016
0.60