DDX10 is an ATP-dependent DEAD-box RNA helicase located on chromosome 11-q23 that functions as a critical regulator of ribosome biogenesis and innate immunity 1. Primary function involves pre-rRNA processing, particularly controlling U3 snoRNA release from pre-rRNA to enable 18S rRNA maturation and small ribosomal subunit biogenesis 2. The protein participates in liquid-liquid phase separation, a process essential for efficient ribosome assembly in embryonic stem cells 2. Beyond ribosomal function, DDX10 enhances AIM2-induced inflammasome activation and negatively regulates viral infection by promoting interferon-beta production and interferon-stimulated gene expression. Aberrant DDX10 expression is associated with multiple malignancies; high expression correlates with poor prognosis in chondrosarcoma and lung cancer, where it promotes proliferation via the IMP4 pathway 34. DDX10 also participates in oncogenic fusion events, most notably NUP98::DDX10 in acute myeloid leukemia, which disrupts transcriptional regulation and ribosome biogenesis 25. In colorectal cancer, DDX10 promotes proliferation and metastasis through RPL35-mediated RNA splicing regulation 6. Given its multifaceted roles in cancer progression and therapy resistance, DDX10 represents a promising diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target across solid and hematologic malignancies.