DEUP1 (deuterosome assembly protein 1) is a critical structural component that enables massive centriole amplification in multiciliated cells 1. Unlike the single centriole duplication occurring per cell cycle in proliferating cells, multiciliated cells require hundreds of centrioles to generate their multiple motile cilia. DEUP1 governs deuterosome assembly, a non-membranous organelle that mediates large-scale de novo centriole biogenesis independent of mother centrioles 1. Mechanistically, DEUP1 self-assembles into stable macromolecular condensates through its N-terminal coiled-coil domains, forming the deuterosome's structural core 2. This assembly recruits CEP152 and PLK4, master regulators of centriole biogenesis, to activate centriole production 1. DEUP1 expression is activated by the Multicilin-E2F4/E2F5-Dp1 transcriptional complex during multiciliogenesis 3, and E2F4 directly binds DEUP1 to coordinate its cytoplasmic role 4. DEUP1 serves as a marker for deuterosomal precursor cells in airway epithelial differentiation 5. Genetically, DEUP1 variants have been associated with T-cell mediated kidney transplant rejection 6. Clinically, DEUP1 dysfunction contributes to congenital mucociliary clearance disorders affecting respiratory and reproductive function 3.