DPP10 is a dipeptidyl peptidase-like protein that functions primarily as a modulator of voltage-gated potassium channels. It promotes cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCND2 and modulates its activity and gating characteristics, despite lacking intrinsic dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity itself. Recent evidence indicates DPP10 also interacts with cardiac sodium channels (Nav1.5), where it shifts voltage-dependent activation to more positive potentials and accelerates recovery from inactivation, potentially promoting arrhythmias in heart failure 1. DPP10 has emerged as a significant asthma susceptibility gene identified through positional cloning 2. Genetic variants in DPP10 are associated with asthma and asthma-related quantitative traits, including total immunoglobulin E levels and peripheral blood eosinophil percentage in Han Chinese populations 3. In NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease specifically, elevated serum DPP10 correlates with reduced lung function and increased transforming growth factor-β1 levels; anti-DPP10 treatment suppressed airway remodeling in mouse models 4. Beyond respiratory disease, DPP10 has been identified as a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and associated with loneliness-related molecular signatures that overlap with neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases 5. These findings suggest DPP10 operates as a pleiotropic regulatory protein with roles spanning ion channel modulation, immune function, and neurological processes.