FUBP3 (far upstream element binding protein 3) is a DNA and RNA-binding protein that functions as a transcriptional regulator with emerging roles in disease pathogenesis. As a primary function, FUBP3 activates gene expression through interaction with single-stranded DNA regulatory elements and exhibits positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II [GO Annotations]. FUBP3 operates through multiple mechanisms depending on cellular context: it undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation to interact with chr9 modifiers like SUZ12 1, stabilizes protein partners including MXI1 and USP7 [PMID:41428087; 23], and binds mRNA to enhance stability via N6-methyladenosine-dependent mechanisms 3. In disease contexts, FUBP3 demonstrates critical roles in cancer progression. Loss of FUBP3 expression associates with poor prognosis in chr9 myeloid leukemia through derepression of PAK1-ERK signaling 4, while elevated FUBP3 levels promote neuroblastoma progression via malate-aspartate shuttle regulation 1 and lung adenocarcinoma through autophagy inhibition 3. Additionally, FUBP3 facilitates viral replication in Japanese encephalitis virus infection 5 and assists SARS-CoV-2 programmed ribosomal frameshifting 6. Clinically, FUBP3 represents a therapeutic target; its inhibition via phase separation disruption shows pre-clinical promise in suppressing aggressive tumor behaviors.