GALP (galanin-like peptide) is a 60-amino acid neuropeptide that serves as a hypothalamic regulator of energy homeostasis and reproduction 1. The peptide is primarily synthesized in neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and posterior pituitary pituicytes 2. GALP shares sequence homology with galanin residues 1-13 in positions 9-21 and can bind and activate galanin receptor subtypes (GalR1-3), though it may also interact with its own specific receptor 2. Mechanistically, GALP-containing neurons express leptin receptors and respond to leptin treatment by increasing GALP mRNA expression, linking the system to body adiposity levels 3. The peptide regulates feeding behavior by forming networks with various feeding-regulatory peptides in the hypothalamus 4. GALP administration decreases respiratory quotient, suggesting accelerated lipid metabolism through autonomic nervous system modulation 4. Beyond metabolic functions, GALP directly stimulates gonadotropin secretion via actions on LHRH neurons, coupling energy balance with reproductive function 3. Additionally, GALP exhibits antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria and demonstrates vasoconstrictor properties in cutaneous microvasculature, effects that appear independent of known galanin receptors [UniProt]. These diverse functions position GALP as a potential therapeutic target for obesity and metabolic disorders.