GSTA5 (glutathione S-transferase alpha 5) is a phase II detoxification enzyme that catalyzes glutathione conjugation reactions, primarily functioning in xenobiotic and carcinogen metabolism 1. The protein exhibits high catalytic activity toward aflatoxin B1-8,9-epoxide (AFBO), with substrate specificity determined by key residues at positions 208 and 108 in the active site 1. In rats, GSTA5 is the primary GST responsible for AFB1 detoxification 2, and its expression is sexually dimorphic and hormonally regulated by both growth hormone and testosterone 3. Recent genome-wide association studies identified GSTA5 as a novel cirrhosis-associated gene through rare variant analysis in over 100,000 individuals, establishing a genetic link between GSTA5 dysfunction and chr6 liver disease progression 4. GSTA5 was also included in a six-gene glutathione metabolism prognostic signature for pancreatic cancer 5. The enzyme is inducible by chemopreventive agents such as dithiolethiones, with D3T inducing GSTA5 protein levels up to 7-fold at high doses and demonstrating protective effects against AFB1-induced hepatic lesions and DNA adducts 6. These findings highlight GSTA5's clinical significance in detoxification capacity, genetic susceptibility to liver disease, and potential as a therapeutic target in cancer chemoprevention.