LIMCH1 (LIM and calponin homology domains 1) is an actin cytoskeleton-associated protein that regulates cellular adhesion, migration, and contractility through activation of non-muscle myosin IIa complex 1. The protein interacts with PLEKHA7 and other LIM-domain family proteins to maintain actomyosin organization and tension at adherens junctions, specifically the zonula adherens 1. LIMCH1 also functions as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer by interacting with HUWE1 to stabilize p53, leading to increased expression of p53 target genes p21 and PUMA, ultimately suppressing cell proliferation 2. However, LIMCH1 exhibits complex roles across different cancer types. While it acts as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer 2, high LIMCH1 expression correlates with poor prognosis in cervical cancer 3 and breast cancer, where it serves as an independent predictor of distant metastasis and overall survival 45. In breast cancer, LIMCH1 expression is associated with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment characterized by increased M2 macrophages and reduced CD8+ T cells 5. Additionally, LIMCH1 has been identified as a signature gene in cardiovascular disease, where it contributes to vascular smooth muscle cell osteochondrogenic differentiation associated with the 9p21.3 coronary artery disease risk locus 6.