MC5R is a G protein-coupled receptor for melanocyte-stimulating hormones and ACTH, activating G(s) protein to stimulate cAMP signaling and ERK1/2 phosphorylation 123. Based on limited published evidence, MC5R plays roles in immune regulation, temperature homeostasis, and exocrine gland function. Recent studies demonstrate MC5R involvement in ocular immune privilege and anti-inflammatory responses 4, and podocyte protection in membranous nephropathy through complement pathway inhibition 5. MC5R shows potential as a therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases.