MCPH1 (microcephalin 1) is a multifunctional centrosomal protein with three BRCT domains that plays critical roles in neurogenesis and genome stability 1. In the developing brain, MCPH1 regulates neuroprogenitor cell proliferation and self-renewal by coordinating the cell cycle and centrosome cycle, preventing progenitor pool exhaustion and thereby determining cerebral cortex size 2. MCPH1 functions as a chromosome 8 antagonist during interphase; it binds condensin II's CAP-G2 subunit and is displaced by M18BP1 at mitotic onset, allowing condensin II activation for proper chromosome 8 3. The protein coordinates two of seven known DNA repair mechanisms and is essential for telomere maintenance and DNA damage response 45. Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in MCPH1 cause primary microcephaly type 1, characterized by reduced brain size, intellectual disability, and neuronal migration defects 6. Beyond neurodevelopment, MCPH1 functions as a tumor suppressor; its downregulation occurs across multiple cancers including breast, lung, cervical, and ovarian cancers, and correlates with reduced survival 7. MCPH1 loss promotes genome instability and deregulates transcriptional programs related to invasion and metastasis 8, establishing it as a multivalent therapeutic target.