NLRP2 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 2) is a multifunctional protein with roles in innate immunity and reproductive development. As an inflammasome component, NLRP2 associates with PYCARD to activate caspase-1 and promote IL-1β secretion, contributing to inflammatory responses 1. However, NLRP2 exhibits dual regulatory capacity, capable of both promoting and suppressing inflammatory signaling through NF-κB pathways 2. Beyond immunity, NLRP2 functions as a critical maternal-effect gene encoding a non-core component of the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC), essential for oocyte maturation and early embryonic development 3. Loss of NLRP2 in mice causes transcriptome dysregulation in oocytes, including altered expression of histone demethylase KDM1B and disrupted DNA methylation at imprinted loci 4. Functionally, maternal NLRP2 loss impairs placental architecture and embryonic development, resulting in neural tube defects, craniofacial abnormalities, and congenital heart defects 5. Pathologically, biallelic NLRP2 variants cause female infertility with embryonic development arrest 63, while NLRP2 gene body hypomethylation associates with hepatocellular carcinoma progression 7. These findings establish NLRP2 as a bridge protein linking innate immunity with reproductive function.