NTNG1 (netrin G1) is a membrane-bound cell adhesion molecule that plays critical roles in both neuronal development and disease pathology. In the nervous system, NTNG1 functions as a guidance cue involved in controlling neuronal circuit formation, promoting neurite outgrowth of both axons and dendrites, and regulating neuron migration and projection development 1. The gene has been implicated in autism spectrum disorders, with recurrent protein-altering mutations identified in sporadic autism cases, suggesting its importance in neurodevelopmental processes 1. Beyond its neuronal functions, NTNG1 has emerged as a novel target antigen in primary membranous nephropathy, where IgG4 autoantibodies against NTNG1 cause subepithelial immune complex deposition in glomeruli 2. The protein is expressed on podocyte membranes, and NTNG1-associated membranous nephropathy represents a distinct disease entity with persistent proteinuria 2. Additionally, NTNG1 serves as a diagnostic biomarker for diabetic kidney disease 3 and shows oncogenic properties in hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor proliferation, and metastasis 4. This diverse functional profile establishes NTNG1 as a multifaceted protein with significant roles in neurological development, autoimmune kidney disease, and cancer progression.